河北滦南滨海湿地土壤重金属污染特征及评价     

《海洋技术学报》2024,(1)

滨海湿地作为一种具有多种功能和蕴含丰富资源的生态系统，是人类重要的生存环境之一。湿地土壤重金属污染问题是当前湿地科学领域内的热点话题。为研究河北省滦南滨海湿地重金属污染特征，本文利用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和地累积指数法对重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明：铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd） 的单因子质量指数均小于1.0，说明研究区重金属含量小于土壤背景值，土壤未受到污染。内梅罗综合指数法Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd 指数均小于0.7，表明滦南湿地土壤重金属污染水平处于未污染。湿地各区域重金属地累积指数为无污染或较轻污染，其中Pb 污染为较轻污染，监测点主要与人类活动有关。利用地累积指数分析认为Pb 在湿地北区为轻度污染水平，经调查发现该区域主要为居民点，人类活动频繁，其他重金属均无污染。河北滦南滨河湿地土壤未受到重金属污染，湿地土壤环境较好。  相似文献   

Study of Panjin wetlands along Bohai coast (II): Ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland     

Tieliang Wang  Linfei Zhou  Bo Zhao  Peiqi Yang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2):197-202

Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast, the biggest bulrush wetland in the world, has been listed in ‘The Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example, the minimum, the most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition, the remote sensing technique is adopted in the data acquisition process. Moreover, the total water requirement and the unit area water requirement for different wetland types are obtained. The result is very important for water resources planning, ecological conservation and regional agriculture structure adjustment in Shuangtaizi. Meanwhile, this study can serve as a useful example for calculating the ecological water requirement in other similar estuarine wetlands.  相似文献   

Study of Panjin Wetlands Along Bohai Coast(Ⅱ):Ecological Water Requirement of Shuangtaizi Estuarine Wetland     

WANG Tieliang  ZHOU Linfei  ZHAO Be  YANG Peiqi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2)

Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast,the biggest bulrush wetland in the world,has been listed in ‘The Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example,the minimum,the most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition,the remote sensing technique is adopted in the data acquisi...  相似文献   

盐城海岸带湿地景观格局变化研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王夫强  柯长青 《海洋湖沼通报》2008,(4)

利用4个时相的陆地卫星遥感影像及相关资料,在遥感和地理信息系统技术支持下,对盐城国家级自然保护区的核心区和缓冲区进行了景观格局分析。结果表明,从1988~2002年,淤泥质滩涂面积增长了13.33%;分形维数从1.0991上升到1.1166,蔓延度指数从76.4426下降到53.1142,表明研究区形状趋于规则,人为干扰程度增大,景观有破碎有上升的趋势,该边缘生境异质性在逐步增强;人类对滩涂的影响增加,逐渐成为影响该生态系统的主要力量。  相似文献   

基于MapObjects的闽江口湿地信息系统     

张东水  兰樟仁  李铮  张伟 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(1):50-54

在动态度、马尔柯夫链等数学方法和景观生态学理论指导下,建立了闽江口湿地时空演变模型,应用组件式技术,利用MapObjects在Visual Basic平台上,进行闽江口湿地时空演变信息系统设计和开发,并应用该信息系统对闽江口湿地时空演变进行实例分析。结果表明,该系统能更高效、直观管理闽江口湿地空间信息和属性信息,以形象化的方式对湿地作全局性时空分析,使得闽江口湿地管理和保护更加科学。  相似文献   

迁徙季节水鸟对滨海不同类型湿地的利用——以广西山口红树林自然保护区为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余辰星  杨岗  陆舟  李东  周放 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(3):513-521

为了解迁徙季节水鸟在不同滨海湿地中的结构组成和行为特征,于2010年3月、4月、9月、11月和2011年3月,在山口自然保护区及其周边地区对不同滨海湿地类型的水鸟展开调查。结果显示:迁徙季节天然湿地共记录到水鸟6目8科39种,人工湿地有6目9科50种。天然湿地比人工湿地的物种数少,整体数量上,春季人工湿地大于天然湿地,秋季则为天然湿地水鸟数量更多。鹬鸻类在不同滨海湿地类型中觅食行为比例差异显著,在天然湿地中觅食比例达到76.67%,而在人工湿地中则以休息和睡眠等非觅食行为为主。天然湿地是鹬鸻类的重要觅食地,而人工湿地则是鹭类和鹬鸻类的主要休息地。鹭类在两种滨海湿地类型中觅食个体的数量不随潮汐的涨落而相应增减。鹬鸻类随潮汐高度上升,在两种滨海湿地类型中觅食的个体数量减少。山口地区的滨海人工湿地是水鸟在高潮期间天然湿地良好的替代栖息地。  相似文献   

Denitrification potential of marsh soils in two natural saline-alkaline wetlands     

Junhong Bai  Qingqing Zhao  Junjing Wang  Qiongqiong Lu  Xiaofei Ye  Zhaoqin Gao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(3):279-286

Little information is available on denitrification potential of marsh soils in natural saline-alkaline wetlands. The denitrification potentials of an open wetland in the floodplain(Erbaifangzi wetland) and a closed wetland(Fulaowenpao wetland) in backwater areas in Jilin Province of Northeast China were monitored by an anaerobic incubation at 30℃ for 25 days. Our results showed that the relative denitrification index(RDI) increased gradually with incubation time, and showed a rapid increase in the first 5 days of incubation. The RDI values declined quickly from surface soils to subsurface soils and then kept a small change in deeper soils along soil profiles over the incubation time. Denitrification proceeded much faster in the top 20 cm soils of open wetland than in the closed wetland, whereas no significant differences in RDI values were observed in deeper soils between both wetlands. The RDIs were significantly negatively correlated with bulk density and sand content, while a significantly positive correlation with clay content, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphorous. The maximum net NO–3-N loss through denitrification in 1 m depth were higher in the open wetland than the closed wetland with higher soil pH values. Future research should be focused on understanding the influencing mechanisms of soil alkalinity.  相似文献   

Impact of climate change on wetland ecosystems: A critical review of experimental wetlands     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2014

Climate change is identified as a major threat to wetlands. Altered hydrology and rising temperature can change the biogeochemistry and function of a wetland to the degree that some important services might be turned into disservices. This means that they will, for example, no longer provide a water purification service and adversely they may start to decompose and release nutrients to the surface water. Moreover, a higher rate of decomposition than primary production (photosynthesis) may lead to a shift of their function from being a sink of carbon to a source. This review paper assesses the potential response of natural wetlands (peatlands) and constructed wetlands to climate change in terms of gas emission and nutrients release. In addition, the impact of key climatic factors such as temperature and water availability on wetlands has been reviewed. The authors identified the methodological gaps and weaknesses in the literature and then introduced a new framework for conducting a comprehensive mesocosm experiment to address the existing gaps in literature to support future climate change research on wetland ecosystems. In the future, higher temperatures resulting in drought might shift the role of both constructed wetland and peatland from a sink to a source of carbon. However, higher temperatures accompanied by more precipitation can promote photosynthesis to a degree that might exceed the respiration and maintain the carbon sink role of the wetland. There might be a critical water level at which the wetland can preserve most of its services. In order to find that level, a study of the key factors of climate change and their interactions using an appropriate experimental method is necessary. Some contradictory results of past experiments can be associated with different methodologies, designs, time periods, climates, and natural variability. Hence a long-term simulation of climate change for wetlands according to the proposed framework is recommended. This framework provides relatively more accurate and realistic simulations, valid comparative results, comprehensive understanding and supports coordination between researchers. This can help to find a sustainable management strategy for wetlands to be resilient to climate change.  相似文献   

若尔盖沼泽湿地的萎缩机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李志威  王兆印  张晨笛  韩鲁杰  赵娜 《水科学进展》2014,25(2):172-180

1960年以来,若尔盖沼泽湿地的快速萎缩严重影响黄河上游水量补给和当地湿地生态系统,但其机制尚不清晰。基于2010—2013年野外调查、气象水文资料和遥感影像,分析若尔盖沼泽退化的主要原因与机制。尽管气温的缓慢升高,但降水量并未减少,考虑到沼泽的季节性特征,气候变暖对沼泽萎缩影响相当有限,但不是主要原因。经遥感判读和统计,共识别现有920 km的人工渠道,其疏干的沼泽面积约648.3 km2,占总萎缩面积的27%。人工开渠作为强烈的人类活动干扰,是若尔盖沼泽快速萎缩的重要原因。自然水系的溯源侵蚀长期疏干沼泽、降低地下水水位和放射状地向沼泽内部切穿是沼泽萎缩的重要机制。人工开渠连通自然水系强化沼泽内河床下切和排水作用。  相似文献   

基于PLSR的典型沼泽湿地植物叶片性状与光谱模型构建——以三江国家级自然保护区为例     

姚允龙  王欣  谭霄鹏  单元琪 《地理科学》2022,42(9):1638-1645

通过植物光学特性测量叶片性状是一种非破坏性的、长期的湿地动态监测方法。选择三江国家级自然保护区多种典型湿地植物为研究对象,探究植物性状与叶片光谱之间的联系。研究表明：叶片氮含量与光谱的模型构建效果最好,模型R²为0.61,均方根误差（RMSE）为2.3862;叶片含水量、叶片磷、可溶性糖、纤维素和木质素含量之和的模型一般,R²在0.38~0.55范围内,RMSE在0.0004~10.7019范围内;淀粉含量拟合效果较差, R²为0.29,RMSE为0.0106。光谱预测重要性的结果表明,可见光与近红外边缘范围内的光谱信息对于叶片含水量、叶片氮含量、叶片磷含量、单位叶面积质量、纤维素和木质素之和、可溶性糖和淀粉的预测具有最高的重要性。  相似文献